What does the Constitution designate as the supreme law of the land?

The Constitution designates itself as the supreme law of the land, primarily highlighted in the Supremacy Clause found in Article VI, Clause 2. This clause asserts that the Constitution, along with federal laws made pursuant to it and treaties made under its authority, holds superiority over any conflicting state laws or state constitutions. This hierarchy ensures that federal law prevails in cases of conflict between federal and state law, providing a cohesive legal framework for the nation. The intention behind this provision was to unify the legal system and prevent states from enacting laws that might undermine national legislation or constitutional principles.

While federal statutes and international treaties are significant components of the legal structure, they are subordinate to the Constitution, which serves as the foundational document establishing the governing framework of the United States.