What is judicial review?

Judicial review refers to the authority of the Supreme Court to assess the constitutionality of legislative acts and executive actions. This power allows the Court to invalidate laws and executive orders that are found to be in conflict with the Constitution. The concept of judicial review is rooted in the principle of checks and balances, ensuring that no branch of government exceeds its authority or encroaches upon the rights afforded by the Constitution.

The importance of judicial review lies in its role as a safeguard for individual rights and liberties, making it a fundamental aspect of the rule of law in a constitutional democracy. Through this process, the judiciary acts as a protector of constitutional principles, affirming that all governmental power is derived from the Constitution, which is the supreme law of the land.

Other choices focus on different aspects of the legal system. Confirming judges is a separate process related to the appointment and approval of judicial nominees. Reviewing trial court decisions pertains to appellate courts examining the validity and fairness of lower court rulings, which is not a function of judicial review. Lastly, the procedure for reviewing appeals provides a mechanism for higher courts to examine cases from lower courts but does not encompass the power to declare laws unconstitutional.

Thus, the definition of judicial review aptly captures the essence of the Supreme