Who has the authority to choose a senator if a vacancy occurs?

The authority to choose a senator in the event of a vacancy typically rests with the Governor of the state where the vacancy occurs. This process is outlined in the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Article I, Section 2, which allows state governors to appoint someone to fill the vacancy temporarily until a special election can be held. The appointee usually serves until the next general election, at which point voters will elect a permanent replacement.

In the context of the options provided, selecting the President, Vice President, or Secretary of State does not align with constitutional provisions regarding senatorial appointments. The Governor is the correct authority as they have direct jurisdiction over state matters, including legislative appointments and elections.